The most common causes are a blocked milk system, dried milk residue, a blocked frothing nozzle or an air inlet that needs cleaning. In many cases, thoroughly cleaning the milk system restores normal frothing performance.

Milk foam is created by mixing milk with air. If the air inlet or frothing nozzle is partially blocked, the machine may heat the milk but be unable to produce the fine bubbles needed for creamy foam.

Yes. Milk proteins and fats quickly build up inside milk tubes, frothing nozzles and connectors. Regular cleaning with a suitable milk system cleaner helps remove these deposits and maintain good frothing performance.

Yes. Different types of milk produce different amounts of foam. Fresh, chilled milk generally produces better results than warm milk, while fat content and milk alternatives can also affect foam quality.

A gradual reduction in foam quality is often an early sign of milk residue building up inside the milk system. Routine cleaning, checking the frothing components and replacing worn milk tubes where fitted can often restore performance.

If you've thoroughly cleaned the milk system, checked the milk tube, frothing nozzle and air inlet, and the machine still produces little or no foam, there may be a fault with the steam system, milk valve or another internal component that requires professional diagnosis.